Among the peoples of Central Asia and Kazakhstan, as well as Bashkiria, aul originally meant “Mobile settlement”, which, depending on the time of year, moved from winter grazing (kyshlau) to summer pastures (zhailau). The word “aul” could mean “nomadic extended family,” since the camp consisted mainly of representatives of one clan. An aul could consist of two or three yurts, as well as hundreds of yurts. The yurts in which the Kazakhs lived were very practical and convenient for a nomadic lifestyle. They quickly gathered and sorted out as one family. It could easily be transported on horseback, and its felt covering resisted rain, wind and cold. The hole at the top of the dome served both for lighting and ventilation. And only at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries the formation of the village as a permanent settlement was noted. Among the peoples of Central Asia and Kazakhstan, an aul was a village with a chaotic construction of houses made of mud or baked bricks, with pens for livestock. Most often, auls were located near rivers or lakes. The Central Asian aul is similar to a village or village of the Slavic type.
Kazakh village of the 19th century
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