Seas of Kazakhstan

The seas of Kazakhstan are unique in nature. Each of them has its own peculiarity.

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The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed body of water in the world, which is located between Europe and Asia, washing the western part of Kazakhstan, as well as the shores of Russia, Turkmenistan, Iran and Azerbaijan. The length of the Caspian Sea from north to south is 1200 km, its average width is 320 km, the length of the coastline is about

7000 km. In the southern part the sea is 1025 m deep, while the Kazakh part of the sea is not deep, the depth of the northern shore of the Caspian Sea is only about 15-20 m. The Kazakh port city of Aktau is located on the eastern shore of the Caspian Sea, and the city of Atyrau is located to the north. On the territory of Kazakhstan, the largest bays are considered to be Komsomolets, Caspian Sea, Mangyshlak (Mangystau), Kenderli, Kazakh, Kara-Bogaz-Gol. The sea has many islands, the total area of ​​which is about 350 square meters. km. The following rivers flow into the sea: Volga, Ural, Terek, Kura, Emba, Samur and Atrek. The Caspian Sea is navigable. In the waters of the Caspian Sea there are a lot of fish, about a hundred species, including sturgeon; the sturgeon fishery in the Caspian Sea is in Kazakhstan. On the shores of the Caspian Sea you can see the Caspian seal. Oil and gas production is carried out in the Caspian Sea, as well as salt, limestone, stone, sand, and clay. The Caspian coast, with its sandy beaches, is very convenient for relaxation, and the presence of mineral water and medicinal mud for treatment.

The Aral Sea is an endorheic salt lake, which is located in Central Asia on the border of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan; today the sea is an environmental disaster. The influx of water depends on the Amur Darya and Syrdarya rivers, but the waters of these rivers are intensively used to irrigate cotton and rice fields, as a result of which the waters of these rivers practically do not reach the sea. In some places, the former seabed is covered with salt; dust storms carry salt over a considerable distance, which is not may not affect the vegetation and human life in the region. In 1989, the Aral Sea split into two isolated bodies of water - the Small Aral Sea on the territory of Kazakhstan and the Great Aral Sea on the territory of Uzbekistan. In 2003, the Government of Kazakhstan decided to build the Kokaral dam, which made it possible to raise the water level in the Small Aral Sea, in addition, the water became less salty, thereby saving the northern part of the Aral Sea. To date, the process of breeding some varieties of commercial fish has begun in the Small Aral.

The Kapchagai reservoir is one of the largest in Kazakhstan, its length is 180 km, width is 22 km, it was created to regulate the flow of the Ili River (by building a dam and a hydroelectric power station in the suburbs of the city of Kapchagai, Almaty region). A highway has been built from the southern capital of Kazakhstan to Kapchagay. On the eastern coast of the reservoir there is the Almaty Nature Reserve. To enter The territory of the protected area must have permission, so the nature here has been preserved in its original form, mountains rise on the territory, their length is more than 40 km. In the reserve there are gazelles and kulans, and somewhere in the sands among the mountains the famous Singing Dune is lost. On the northern shore of the Kapchagai reservoir there are many recreation areas; this is a favorite vacation spot for Kazakhstanis and tourists from different countries, as here you can not only sunbathe on the beach and swim, but also go fishing. In summer it is very hot here, sometimes the temperature rises to 40 degrees, but it also happens that the wind suddenly blows and then large waves arise, which is unsafe.