Kazakhstan is located in the center of Eurasia, most of which belongs to Asia and a smaller part to Europe, between the Caspian Sea, the Lower Volga region, the Urals, Siberia, China and Central Asia. In terms of area occupied, it ranks 9th in the world and second among the CIS countries. The Republic of Kazakhstan is multinational; more than seventeen million people, representatives of more than one hundred and thirty nationalities and nationalities, live in Kazakhstan as a single family.
The last population census of the Republic of Kazakhstan was carried out in 2009. One of the most unexpected results was a decrease in the share of the urban population from 56,3% to 54,0% and a corresponding increase in the share of the rural population. According to the census data, the population of Kazakhstan in percentage terms is: Kazakhs - 63,1%, Russians - 23,7%, other nationalities amounted to 13,2%.
In 1995, the Constitution of Kazakhstan declared the Kazakh language to be the only state language, and the Russian language was given the status of a language of interethnic communication. Almost the entire population of Kazakhstan, regardless of nationality, speaks Russian to one degree or another. In recent years, English has become popular and Kazakh is being revived. Residents of Kazakhstan are usually called both “Kazakhs” and “Kazakhstanis”.
Nowadays, many countries are experiencing an aging process, especially in Western countries. In Kazakhstan, more than 1 million 200 thousand have crossed the 65-year mark, which is 7% of the country’s population. According to the United Nations classification, the seven percent threshold classifies a country as aging. UN experts classify Kazakhstan as a state with an accelerated rate of aging. UN experts believe that by 2050 the population of Kazakhstan will decrease, with which Kazakhstan statisticians fundamentally disagree; according to their calculations and forecasts, the population of Kazakhstan will increase by 2050 and will be approximately 23 million.
OSCE experts note that the demographic situation in Kazakhstan and Turkey today looks like one of the best. In these countries, one pensioner is “fed” by six or seven young taxpayers. But by 2030, according to forecasts, the number of “breadwinners” will decrease to three people. In order to improve the situation in the country, it is proposed as an option to postpone the approaching “old age” - attracting foreign labor.
According to the UN, by 2050 there will be more people over 60 in the world than 15-year-olds.
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